什么是智能壓力傳感器，在傳感應(yīng)用發(fā)展史上，智能的引入是對(duì)傳統(tǒng)傳感技術(shù)的一項(xiàng)革命性顛覆，當(dāng)然智能壓力傳感器的智能化是指將多個(gè)功能相同或不同的敏感器件制作在同一個(gè)芯片上構(gòu)成傳感器陣列，主要有三個(gè)方面的含義:
一、是將多個(gè)功能完全相同的敏感單元集成制造在同一個(gè)芯片上，用來(lái)測(cè)量被測(cè)量的空間分布信息，例如壓力傳感器陣列或我們熟知的ＣＣＤ器件。
二、是對(duì)多個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)相同、功能相近的敏感單元進(jìn)行集成，例如將不同氣敏傳感元集成在一起組成“電子鼻”，利用各種敏感元對(duì)不同氣體的交叉敏感效應(yīng)，采用神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模式識(shí)別等先進(jìn)數(shù)據(jù)處理技術(shù)，可以對(duì)混合氣體的各種組分同時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)，得到混合氣體的組成信息，同時(shí)提高氣敏傳感器的測(cè)量精度;這層含義上的集成還有一種情況是將不同量程的傳感元集成在一起，可以根據(jù)待測(cè)量的大小在各個(gè)傳感元之間切換，在保證測(cè)量精度的同時(shí)，擴(kuò)大傳感器的測(cè)量范圍。
當(dāng)然，更簡(jiǎn)單點(diǎn)智能壓力傳感器主要由傳感器、微處理器及其相關(guān)電路組成。壓力傳感器不但可以對(duì)傳感器測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行計(jì)算、存儲(chǔ)、數(shù)據(jù)處理，還可以通過(guò)反饋回路對(duì)傳感器進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)。由于計(jì)算機(jī)充分發(fā)揮各種軟件的功能，可以完成硬件難以完成的任務(wù)，從而大大降低傳感器制造的難度，提高傳感器的性能，降低成本。傳感器將被測(cè)的物理量轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的電信號(hào)，送到信號(hào)調(diào)理電路中，進(jìn)行濾波、放大、模-數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換后，送到微計(jì)算機(jī)中?！?/p>
如果從結(jié)構(gòu)上劃分，智能傳感器可以分為集成式、混合式和模塊式。集成智能傳感器是將一個(gè)或多個(gè)敏感器件與微處理器、信號(hào)處理電路集成在同一硅片上，集成集成度高，體積小，但目前的技術(shù)水平還很難實(shí)現(xiàn)；將傳感器和微處理器、信號(hào)處理電路做在不同芯片上，則構(gòu)成混合式智能傳感器，目前這類結(jié)構(gòu)較多；初級(jí)的智能傳感器也可以由許多互相獨(dú)立的模塊組成，如將微計(jì)算機(jī)、信號(hào)調(diào)理電路模塊、數(shù)據(jù)電路模塊、顯示電路模塊和傳感器裝配在同一殼結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)則組成模塊式智能傳感器。
What is intelligent pressure sensor? In the history of sensor application and development, the introduction of intelligence is a revolutionary overturn of traditional sensing technology. Of course, the intelligent pressure sensor refers to making multiple sensors with the same or different functions on the same chip to form a sensor array. Righteousness:
One is to fabricate multiple sensing units with identical functions on a single chip to measure the spatial distribution of measured information, such as pressure sensor arrays or CCD devices that we are familiar with.
Secondly, it integrates many sensitive units with the same structure and similar function, for example, it integrates different gas sensing elements to form an "electronic nose". By using the cross-sensitivity effect of various sensitive elements to different gases and adopting the advanced data processing technology such as neural network pattern recognition, it can be used for various groups of mixed gases. At the same time, the composition information of the mixed gas is obtained, and the measurement precision of the gas sensor is improved. Measuring range.
Of course, simpler smart pressure sensors are mainly composed of sensors, microprocessors and related circuits. The pressure sensor can not only calculate, store and process the measured data of the sensor, but also adjust the sensor through the feedback loop. Because the computer gives full play to the functions of all kinds of software, it can accomplish the tasks that the hardware is difficult to accomplish, thus greatly reducing the difficulty of sensor manufacturing, improving the performance of sensors, and reducing costs. The sensor converts the measured physical quantities into corresponding electrical signals, which are sent to the signal conditioning circuit for filtering, amplification, analog-digital conversion, and then to the microcomputer.
If the structure is divided, smart sensors can be divided into integrated, hybrid and modular. Integration intelligent sensor is one or more sensitive devices and microprocessors, signal processing circuits integrated on the same silicon chip, high integration, small size, but the current technical level is difficult to achieve; sensors and microprocessors, signal processing circuits on different chips, constitute a hybrid intelligent sensor. At present, there are many such structures; the primary smart sensor can also be composed of many independent modules, such as the microcomputer, signal conditioning circuit module, data circuit module, display circuit module and sensor assembled in the same shell structure to form a modular smart sensor.
